Merge 59e8f70e55 into ea85c1b46e

threads1: Fix typos in description

Cargo.lock

@@ -186,12 +186,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "foldhash"
-version = "0.1.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f81ec6369c545a7d40e4589b5597581fa1c441fe1cce96dd1de43159910a36a2"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "fsevent-sys"
 version = "4.1.0"
@@ -283,9 +277,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.159"
+version = "0.2.160"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "561d97a539a36e26a9a5fad1ea11a3039a67714694aaa379433e580854bc3dc5"
+checksum = "f0b21006cd1874ae9e650973c565615676dc4a274c965bb0a73796dac838ce4f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libredox"
@@ -410,9 +404,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.87"
+version = "1.0.88"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b3e4daa0dcf6feba26f985457cdf104d4b4256fc5a09547140f3631bb076b19a"
+checksum = "7c3a7fc5db1e57d5a779a352c8cdb57b29aa4c40cc69c3a68a7fedc815fbf2f9"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -455,7 +449,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
  "crossterm",
- "foldhash",
  "notify",
  "os_pipe",
  "rustix",

Cargo.toml

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ include = [
 anyhow = "1.0.89"
 clap = { version = "4.5.20", features = ["derive"] }
 crossterm = { version = "0.28.1", default-features = false, features = ["windows", "events"] }
-foldhash = "0.1.3"
 notify = { version = "6.1.1", default-features = false, features = ["macos_fsevent"] }
 os_pipe = "1.2.1"
 rustlings-macros = { path = "rustlings-macros", version = "=6.3.0" }

README.md

@@ -124,14 +124,13 @@ The list allows you to…
 
 - See the status of all exercises (done or pending)
 - `c`: Continue at another exercise (temporarily skip some exercises or go back to a previous one)
-- `r`: Reset status and file of an exercise (you need to _reload/reopen_ its file in your editor afterwards)
+- `r`: Reset status and file of the selected exercise (you need to _reload/reopen_ its file in your editor afterwards)
 
 See the footer of the list for all possible keys.
 
-## Continuing On
+## Questions?
 
-Once you've completed Rustlings, put your new knowledge to good use!
-Continue practicing your Rust skills by building your own projects, contributing to Rustlings, or finding other open-source projects to contribute to.
+If you need any help while doing the exercises and the builtin-hints aren't helpful, feel free to ask in the [_Q&A_ category of the discussions](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/discussions/categories/q-a?discussions_q=) if your question wasn't asked yet 💡
 
 ## Third-Party Exercises
 
@@ -144,6 +143,11 @@ Do you want to create your own set of Rustlings exercises to focus on some speci
 Or do you want to translate the original Rustlings exercises?
 Then follow the the guide about [third-party exercises](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/THIRD_PARTY_EXERCISES.md)!
 
+## Continuing On
+
+Once you've completed Rustlings, put your new knowledge to good use!
+Continue practicing your Rust skills by building your own projects, contributing to Rustlings, or finding other open-source projects to contribute to.
+
 ## Uninstalling Rustlings
 
 If you want to remove Rustlings from your system, run the following command:

clippy.toml

@@ -5,9 +5,6 @@ disallowed-types = [
 ]
 
 disallowed-methods = [
-  # We use `foldhash` instead of the default hasher.
-  "std::collections::HashSet::new",
-  "std::collections::HashSet::with_capacity",
   # Inefficient. Use `.queue(…)` instead.
   "crossterm::style::style",
   # Use `thread::Builder::spawn` instead and handle the error.

dev/Cargo.toml

@@ -116,6 +116,8 @@ bin = [
   { name = "generics1_sol", path = "../solutions/14_generics/generics1.rs" },
   { name = "generics2", path = "../exercises/14_generics/generics2.rs" },
   { name = "generics2_sol", path = "../solutions/14_generics/generics2.rs" },
+  { name = "generics3", path = "../exercises/14_generics/generics3.rs" },
+  { name = "generics3_sol", path = "../solutions/14_generics/generics3.rs" },
   { name = "traits1", path = "../exercises/15_traits/traits1.rs" },
   { name = "traits1_sol", path = "../solutions/15_traits/traits1.rs" },
   { name = "traits2", path = "../exercises/15_traits/traits2.rs" },

exercises/11_hashmaps/hashmaps3.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ struct TeamScores {
 
 fn build_scores_table(results: &str) -> HashMap<&str, TeamScores> {
     // The name of the team is the key and its associated struct is the value.
-    let mut scores = HashMap::new();
+    let mut scores = HashMap::<&str, TeamScores>::new();
 
     for line in results.lines() {
         let mut split_iterator = line.split(',');

exercises/14_generics/generics3.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+// generics3.rs
+// Execute `rustlings hint generics3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
+
+// This function should take an array of `Option` elements and returns array of not None elements
+// TODO fix this function signature
+fn into_dispose_nulls(list: Vec<Option<&str>>) -> Vec<&str> {
+    list.into_iter().flatten().collect()
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn store_str_on_list() {
+        let names_list = vec![Some("maria"), Some("jacob"), None, Some("kacper"), None];
+        let only_values = into_dispose_nulls(names_list);
+        assert_eq!(only_values.len(), 3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn store_numbers_on_list() {
+        let numbers_list = vec![Some(1), Some(2), None, Some(3)];
+        let only_values = into_dispose_nulls(numbers_list);
+        assert_eq!(only_values.len(), 3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn store_custom_type_on_list() {
+        #[allow(dead_code)]
+        struct Rectangle {
+            width: i32,
+            height: i32,
+        }
+        impl Rectangle {
+            fn new(width: i32, height: i32) -> Self {
+                Self { width, height }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let custom_list = vec![
+            Some(Rectangle::new(1, 2)),
+            None,
+            None,
+            Some(Rectangle::new(3, 4)),
+        ];
+        let only_values = into_dispose_nulls(custom_list);
+        assert_eq!(only_values.len(), 2);
+    }
+}

exercises/20_threads/threads1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// This program spawns multiple threads that each run for at least 250ms, and
-// each thread returns how much time they took to complete. The program should
+// This program spawns multiple threads that each runs for at least 250ms, and
+// each thread returns how much time it took to complete. The program should
 // wait until all the spawned threads have finished and should collect their
 // return values into a vector.
 

rustlings-macros/info.toml

@@ -575,12 +575,8 @@ https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch08-03-hash-maps.html#only-inserting-a-value-if-
 name = "hashmaps3"
 dir = "11_hashmaps"
 hint = """
-Hint 1: Use the `entry()` and `or_insert()` (or `or_insert_with()`) methods of
-        `HashMap` to insert the default value of `TeamScores` if a team doesn't
-        exist in the table yet.
-
-Learn more in The Book:
-https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch08-03-hash-maps.html#only-inserting-a-value-if-the-key-has-no-value
+Hint 1: Use the `entry()` and `or_default()` methods of `HashMap` to insert the
+        default value of `TeamScores` if a team doesn't exist in the table yet.
 
 Hint 2: If there is already an entry for a given key, the value returned by
         `entry()` can be updated based on the existing value.
@@ -749,6 +745,17 @@ hint = """
 Related section in The Book:
 https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-method-definitions"""
 
+[[exercises]]
+name = "generics3"
+dir = "14_generics"
+hint = """
+Vectors in Rust use generics to create dynamically-sized arrays of any type.
+The `into_dispose_nulls` function takes a vector as an argument, but only accepts vectors that store the &str type.
+To allow the function to accept vectors that store any type, you can leverage your knowledge about generics.
+If you're unsure how to proceed, please refer to the Rust Book at:
+https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-function-definitions.
+"""
+
 # TRAITS
 
 [[exercises]]

solutions/11_hashmaps/hashmaps3.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ struct TeamScores {
 
 fn build_scores_table(results: &str) -> HashMap<&str, TeamScores> {
     // The name of the team is the key and its associated struct is the value.
-    let mut scores = HashMap::new();
+    let mut scores = HashMap::<&str, TeamScores>::new();
 
     for line in results.lines() {
         let mut split_iterator = line.split(',');
@@ -28,17 +28,13 @@ fn build_scores_table(results: &str) -> HashMap<&str, TeamScores> {
         let team_2_score: u8 = split_iterator.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
 
         // Insert the default with zeros if a team doesn't exist yet.
-        let team_1 = scores
-            .entry(team_1_name)
-            .or_insert_with(TeamScores::default);
+        let team_1 = scores.entry(team_1_name).or_default();
         // Update the values.
         team_1.goals_scored += team_1_score;
         team_1.goals_conceded += team_2_score;
 
         // Similarly for the second team.
-        let team_2 = scores
-            .entry(team_2_name)
-            .or_insert_with(TeamScores::default);
+        let team_2 = scores.entry(team_2_name).or_default();
         team_2.goals_scored += team_2_score;
         team_2.goals_conceded += team_1_score;
     }

solutions/14_generics/generics3.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// generics3.rs
+// Execute `rustlings hint generics3` or use the `hint` watch subcommand for a hint.
+
+// Here we added generic type `T` to function signature
+// Now this function can be used with vector of any
+fn into_dispose_nulls<T>(list: Vec<Option<T>>) -> Vec<T> {
+    list.into_iter().flatten().collect()
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // You can optionally experiment here.
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn store_str_on_list() {
+        let names_list = vec![Some("maria"), Some("jacob"), None, Some("kacper"), None];
+        let only_values = into_dispose_nulls(names_list);
+        assert_eq!(only_values.len(), 3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn store_numbers_on_list() {
+        let numbers_list = vec![Some(1), Some(2), None, Some(3)];
+        let only_values = into_dispose_nulls(numbers_list);
+        assert_eq!(only_values.len(), 3);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn store_custom_type_on_list() {
+        struct Rectangle {
+            width: i32,
+            height: i32,
+        }
+        impl Rectangle {
+            fn new(width: i32, height: i32) -> Self {
+                Self { width, height }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let custom_list = vec![
+            Some(Rectangle::new(1, 2)),
+            None,
+            None,
+            Some(Rectangle::new(3, 4)),
+        ];
+        let only_values = into_dispose_nulls(custom_list);
+        assert_eq!(only_values.len(), 2);
+    }
+}

solutions/20_threads/threads1.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-// This program spawns multiple threads that each run for at least 250ms, and
-// each thread returns how much time they took to complete. The program should
+// This program spawns multiple threads that each runs for at least 250ms, and
+// each thread returns how much time it took to complete. The program should
 // wait until all the spawned threads have finished and should collect their
 // return values into a vector.
 

src/app_state.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::{bail, Context, Error, Result};
 use crossterm::{cursor, terminal, QueueableCommand};
 use std::{
+    collections::HashSet,
     env,
     fs::{File, OpenOptions},
     io::{Read, Seek, StdoutLock, Write},
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ use std::{
 use crate::{
     clear_terminal,
     cmd::CmdRunner,
-    collections::hash_set_with_capacity,
     embedded::EMBEDDED_FILES,
     exercise::{Exercise, RunnableExercise},
     info_file::ExerciseInfo,
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ impl AppState {
                 break 'block StateFileStatus::NotRead;
             }
 
-            let mut done_exercises = hash_set_with_capacity(exercises.len());
+            let mut done_exercises = HashSet::with_capacity(exercises.len());
 
             for done_exercise_name in lines {
                 if done_exercise_name.is_empty() {

src/cmd.rs

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ pub struct CargoSubcommand<'out> {
     output: Option<&'out mut Vec<u8>>,
 }
 
-impl<'out> CargoSubcommand<'out> {
+impl CargoSubcommand<'_> {
     #[inline]
     pub fn args<'arg, I>(&mut self, args: I) -> &mut Self
     where

src/collections.rs

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-use foldhash::fast::FixedState;
-
-/// DOS attacks aren't a concern for Rustlings. Therefore, we use `foldhash` with a fixed state.
-pub type HashSet<T> = std::collections::HashSet<T, FixedState>;
-
-#[inline]
-pub fn hash_set_with_capacity<T>(capacity: usize) -> HashSet<T> {
-    HashSet::with_capacity_and_hasher(capacity, FixedState::default())
-}

src/dev/check.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use anyhow::{anyhow, bail, Context, Error, Result};
 use std::{
     cmp::Ordering,
+    collections::HashSet,
     fs::{self, read_dir, OpenOptions},
     io::{self, Read, Write},
     path::{Path, PathBuf},
@@ -11,7 +12,6 @@ use std::{
 use crate::{
     cargo_toml::{append_bins, bins_start_end_ind, BINS_BUFFER_CAPACITY},
     cmd::CmdRunner,
-    collections::{hash_set_with_capacity, HashSet},
     exercise::{RunnableExercise, OUTPUT_CAPACITY},
     info_file::{ExerciseInfo, InfoFile},
     CURRENT_FORMAT_VERSION,
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ fn check_cargo_toml(
 
 // Check the info of all exercises and return their paths in a set.
 fn check_info_file_exercises(info_file: &InfoFile) -> Result<HashSet<PathBuf>> {
-    let mut names = hash_set_with_capacity(info_file.exercises.len());
-    let mut paths = hash_set_with_capacity(info_file.exercises.len());
+    let mut names = HashSet::with_capacity(info_file.exercises.len());
+    let mut paths = HashSet::with_capacity(info_file.exercises.len());
 
     let mut file_buf = String::with_capacity(1 << 14);
     for exercise_info in &info_file.exercises {
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ fn check_solutions(
         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
         .context("Failed to spawn a thread to check a solution")?;
 
-    let mut sol_paths = hash_set_with_capacity(info_file.exercises.len());
+    let mut sol_paths = HashSet::with_capacity(info_file.exercises.len());
     let mut fmt_cmd = Command::new("rustfmt");
     fmt_cmd
         .arg("--check")

src/list/state.rs

@@ -105,6 +105,28 @@ impl<'a> ListState<'a> {
         );
     }
 
+    fn draw_exericse_name(&self, writer: &mut MaxLenWriter, exercise: &Exercise) -> io::Result<()> {
+        if !self.search_query.is_empty() {
+            if let Some((pre_highlight, highlight, post_highlight)) = exercise
+                .name
+                .find(&self.search_query)
+                .and_then(|ind| exercise.name.split_at_checked(ind))
+                .and_then(|(pre_highlight, rest)| {
+                    rest.split_at_checked(self.search_query.len())
+                        .map(|x| (pre_highlight, x.0, x.1))
+                })
+            {
+                writer.write_str(pre_highlight)?;
+                writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Magenta))?;
+                writer.write_str(highlight)?;
+                writer.stdout.queue(ResetColor)?;
+                return writer.write_str(post_highlight);
+            }
+        }
+
+        writer.write_str(exercise.name)
+    }
+
     fn draw_rows(
         &self,
         stdout: &mut StdoutLock,
@@ -147,10 +169,10 @@ impl<'a> ListState<'a> {
                 writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Yellow))?;
                 writer.write_ascii(b"PENDING  ")?;
             }
-
             writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Reset))?;
 
-            writer.write_str(exercise.name)?;
+            self.draw_exericse_name(&mut writer, exercise)?;
+
             writer.write_ascii(&self.name_col_padding[exercise.name.len()..])?;
 
             // The list links aren't shown correctly in VS Code on Windows.

src/main.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ use self::{app_state::AppState, dev::DevCommands, info_file::InfoFile};
 mod app_state;
 mod cargo_toml;
 mod cmd;
-mod collections;
 mod dev;
 mod embedded;
 mod exercise;

src/term.rs

@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ use std::{
 
 use crate::app_state::CheckProgress;
 
-pub struct MaxLenWriter<'a, 'b> {
-    pub stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'b>,
+pub struct MaxLenWriter<'a, 'lock> {
+    pub stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'lock>,
     len: usize,
     max_len: usize,
 }
 
-impl<'a, 'b> MaxLenWriter<'a, 'b> {
+impl<'a, 'lock> MaxLenWriter<'a, 'lock> {
     #[inline]
-    pub fn new(stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'b>, max_len: usize) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'lock>, max_len: usize) -> Self {
         Self {
             stdout,
             len: 0,
@@ -34,13 +34,13 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MaxLenWriter<'a, 'b> {
     }
 }
 
-pub trait CountedWrite<'a> {
+pub trait CountedWrite<'lock> {
     fn write_ascii(&mut self, ascii: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()>;
     fn write_str(&mut self, unicode: &str) -> io::Result<()>;
-    fn stdout(&mut self) -> &mut StdoutLock<'a>;
+    fn stdout(&mut self) -> &mut StdoutLock<'lock>;
 }
 
-impl<'a, 'b> CountedWrite<'b> for MaxLenWriter<'a, 'b> {
+impl<'lock> CountedWrite<'lock> for MaxLenWriter<'_, 'lock> {
     fn write_ascii(&mut self, ascii: &[u8]) -> io::Result<()> {
         let n = ascii.len().min(self.max_len.saturating_sub(self.len));
         if n > 0 {
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ impl<'a, 'b> CountedWrite<'b> for MaxLenWriter<'a, 'b> {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn stdout(&mut self) -> &mut StdoutLock<'b> {
+    fn stdout(&mut self) -> &mut StdoutLock<'lock> {
         self.stdout
     }
 }
@@ -87,17 +87,17 @@ impl<'a> CountedWrite<'a> for StdoutLock<'a> {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct CheckProgressVisualizer<'a, 'b> {
-    stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'b>,
+pub struct CheckProgressVisualizer<'a, 'lock> {
+    stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'lock>,
     n_cols: usize,
 }
 
-impl<'a, 'b> CheckProgressVisualizer<'a, 'b> {
+impl<'a, 'lock> CheckProgressVisualizer<'a, 'lock> {
     const CHECKING_COLOR: Color = Color::Blue;
     const DONE_COLOR: Color = Color::Green;
     const PENDING_COLOR: Color = Color::Red;
 
-    pub fn build(stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'b>, term_width: u16) -> io::Result<Self> {
+    pub fn build(stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'lock>, term_width: u16) -> io::Result<Self> {
         clear_terminal(stdout)?;
         stdout.write_all("Checking all exercises…\n".as_bytes())?;